Description
403 stainless steel round bar is a martensitic stainless steel product characterized by high strength, wear resistance, and heat resistance. It is suitable for industrial applications such as mechanical components, bearings, and valves.
|
International standards |
||||
|
ASTM |
GB |
EN |
DIN |
JIS |
|
S40300 |
GB/T 1220-2007 |
X12Cr13 |
1.4011 |
SUS403 |
|
12Cr12 |
||||
Chemical composition
Chemical composition % by mass MAX unless otherwise stated
|
Element |
Min% |
Max% |
|
C |
- |
0.15 |
|
Si |
- |
0.50 |
|
Mn |
- |
1.00 |
|
P |
- |
0.04 |
|
S |
- |
0.03 |
|
Cr |
11.50 |
13.00 |
|
Ni |
- |
0.60 |
|
Others |
- |
- |
Chromium forms an oxide film to enhance corrosion resistance, carbon increases hardness and strength, and trace amounts of nickel improve hardenability.
Alloy Details
| parameter | Numerical range | explanation |
| Density | 7.7~7.8 g/cm* | This stainless steel is medium-density and moderately heavy. |
| Melting point | 1480~1530℃ | The high melting point makes it suitable for high-temperature processing, but be aware of the risk of thermal cracking. |
| Thermal conductivity | 21.2 W/(m·K)(100~500°C) | Its excellent thermal conductivity makes it suitable for heat dissipation in high-temperature components. |
| Linear expansion coefficient | 9.9~11.7x10-6/K | Its moderate thermal expansion coefficient makes it suitable for environments with large temperature fluctuations. |
| Resistivity | 0.57 2-mm3/m(20°C) | Its low electrical conductivity makes it unsuitable for high-conductivity applications. |
| Elastic modulus | 200 GPa(20°℃) | Its high rigidity makes it suitable for high-load structural parts. |
| Magnetic properties | Ferromagnetic | It can be used in electromagnetic equipment or applications requiring magnetic attraction. |
Correlation of Mechanical Properties
Hardness and Strength:
- Annealed state hardness ≤200 HB;
- Quenched and tempered hardness ≥170 HB;
- Tensile strength ≥590 MPa.
Heat Resistance:
- Oxidation resistance up to 800°C;
- Recommended continuous service temperature ≤704°C.
Application
Grade 403 stainless steel round bar offers high hardness, wear resistance, and moderate heat resistance as its core advantages, making it suitable for mechanical components and high-temperature applications. However, its limited corrosion resistance should be noted. When selecting this material, consider the specific operating conditions to determine the appropriate heat treatment condition (annealed/quenched and tempered) and surface finish.
Mechanical Manufacturing Sector
1. High-Stress Components
Typical Applications: Turbine blades, bearings, gears, bolts/nuts, shaft components.
Advantages:
- Hardness reaches HRC 20-45 after quenching, tensile strength ≥590 MPa, suitable for withstanding impact loads.
- Excellent oxidation resistance below 800°C, suitable for high-temperature mechanical environments.
Case Studies: Aircraft engine blades, industrial gear reducer gears.
2. Cutting Tools and Molds
- Applicable Types: Woodworking tools, stamping dies, forming molds in low-corrosion environments.
- Restrictions: Avoid strong acid/alkali environments (recommend 304 or 420 stainless steel).
Industrial Equipment and Energy Sector
1. Petrochemical Equipment
- Applications: Valves, piping fittings, tank linings (non-strongly corrosive media).
- Advantages: Resistant to hydrogen sulfide stress corrosion, suitable for oil and gas extraction equipment.
- Restrictions: Avoid contact with concentrated sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, etc.
2. Energy and Aerospace
- Scenarios: Burner nozzles, furnace components, rocket engine parts.
- Key Characteristics: Resistant to high-temperature oxidation (≤704°C continuous use), thermal conductivity of 21.2 W/(m·K) facilitates heat dissipation.
Automotive and Transportation Sector
1. Automotive Components
- Applications: Exhaust system fasteners, fuel tank brackets, synchronizer rings.
- Advantages: Resistant to mild corrosion from engine exhaust gases, magnetic properties facilitate assembly.
2. Rail Transportation
- Applications: High-speed rail connectors, bridge bolts (mild acid rain environments).
- Verified Case: Shanghai Metro project using 403 stainless steel bolts showed no corrosion after 5 years.
Construction and Decoration
1. Structural Decoration
- Applications: Railings, door/window frames, curtain wall skeletons.
- Surface Treatment: Brushed/polished finish achieves gloss level Ra0.8μm, resistant to urban atmospheric corrosion.
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